The GEODISC-RISQUE approach (Quantitative RiskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event Assessment) has been used for several field cases in Australia, e.g. the Latrobe Valley located within the Gippsland BasinA geological region with sedimentary strata dipping towards a common axis or centre (Hooper et al., 2005) and the Otway BasinA geological region with sedimentary strata dipping towards a common axis or centre (Sharma and Cook, 20072007 - S. Sharma and P. CookAustralia's first geosequestration demonstration - the CO2CRC Otway Basin Pilot Projectsee more). This semi-quantitative methodology relies on expert-panel analysis of hazardous events (i.e., riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event events such as leakage(in CO2 storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formation to the atmosphere or water column from existing exploration and production wells or injectionThe process of using pressure to force fluids down wells and monitoringMeasurement and surveillance activities necessary for ensuring safe and reliable operation of a CGS project (storage integrity), and for estimating emission reductions wells, leakage(in CO2 storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formation to the atmosphere or water column from permeable zones in seals and regional-scale over-pressurisation, leakage(in CO2 storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formation to the atmosphere or water column from faults through seals and earthquake-induced fractures, leakage(in CO2 storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formation to the atmosphere or water column from exceeding the "spill pointThe structurally lowest point in a structural trap that can retain fluids lighter than background fluids" of the storage(CO2) A process for retaining captured CO2, so that it does not reach the atmosphere site and incorrectly predicting the migrationThe movement of fluids in reservoir rocks direction, loss of containmentRestriction of the movement of a fluid to a designated volume (e.g. reservoir) and event risks quotients), for which the likelihood, consequences, and timescale of occurrence of each is assessed (Hooper et al., 2005).
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The Quantitative RiskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event (QRA) carried out for the containmentRestriction of the movement of a fluid to a designated volume (e.g. reservoir) issue of the Latrobe Valley CO2Carbon dioxide Storage(CO2Carbon dioxide) A process for retaining captured CO2Carbon dioxide, so that it does not reach the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) Assessment (LVCSA) project. The context of the QRA for the studied site was defined, including injectionThe process of using pressure to force fluids down wells timeframes, locations, and amounts; reservoirs and expected plume migrationThe movement of fluids in reservoir rocks (including to existing wells and faults) and eventual traps (CSLF, 20092009 - CSLFPhase I Final Report from CSLF Risk Assessment Task Forcesee more). The LVCSA riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event process has provided strong indication that the Gippsland BasinA geological region with sedimentary strata dipping towards a common axis or centre can be safe and effective site for CO2Carbon dioxide for thousands of years. A CO2Carbon dioxide leakage(in CO2Carbon dioxide storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formationA body of rock of considerable extent with distinctive characteristics that allow geologists to map, describe, and name it to the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) or water column rate of 1% over 1,000 years is commonly used as an acceptable level for storage(CO2Carbon dioxide) A process for retaining captured CO2Carbon dioxide, so that it does not reach the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) assurance and the targeted reservoirs within the offshore Gippsland BasinA geological region with sedimentary strata dipping towards a common axis or centre are predicted to be below that level. The riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event identified a number of issues and mitigationThe process of reducing the impact of any failure measures that will need to be addressed by project proponents. Several specific mitigationThe process of reducing the impact of any failure actions have already been factored into the costings for the project. The LVCSA indicates that all issues associated with proposed injectionThe process of using pressure to force fluids down wells are manageable (Hooper et al., 2005).
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The CO2CRC's Otway BasinA geological region with sedimentary strata dipping towards a common axis or centre Pilot Project (OBPP) is located in Victoria. RiskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event areas have been identified through the project's riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event process and an extensive monitoringMeasurement and surveillance activities necessary for ensuring safe and reliable operation of a CGS project (storage integrity), and for estimating emission reductions and verification(CO2Carbon dioxide storage(CO2Carbon dioxide) A process for retaining captured CO2Carbon dioxide, so that it does not reach the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%)) The proof, to a standard still to be decided, of the CO2Carbon dioxide storage(CO2Carbon dioxide) A process for retaining captured CO2Carbon dioxide, so that it does not reach the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) using monitoringMeasurement and surveillance activities necessary for ensuring safe and reliable operation of a CGS project (storage integrity), and for estimating emission reductions results; (in the context of CDMKyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism ) The independent review by a designated operational entity of monitored reductions in anthropogenic emissions scheme has been proposed to address some of these issues. A Quantitative RiskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event Assessment (QRA) was performed using the RISQUE method. The process involves the use of expert panels to provide input into a quantitative riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event analysis and management framework. The expert panel considered the data gathered since 2005 and the initial riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event and updated the riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event for the pilot project. Both the engineered system (wells) and the natural system (site geology, reservoirA subsurface body of rock with sufficient porosityMeasure for the amount of pore spaceSpace between rock or sediment grains that can contain fluids in a rock and permeabilityAbility to flow or transmit fluids through a porous solid such as rock to store and transmit fluids formationA body of rock of considerable extent with distinctive characteristics that allow geologists to map, describe, and name it, overlying and underlying formations and groundwater flow regimes) were considered. The QRA can be modified as new data becomes available. At a planning confidence level of 80% it was seen that (a) no single riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event events exceeded acceptable riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event quotient, and (b) total riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event event quotient was less than acceptable target (1% leakage(in CO2Carbon dioxide storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formationA body of rock of considerable extent with distinctive characteristics that allow geologists to map, describe, and name it to the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) or water column over 1,000 years, thus a low riskConcept that denotes the product of the probability of a hazard and the subsequent consequence of the associated event). Major risks events are leakage(in CO2Carbon dioxide storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formationA body of rock of considerable extent with distinctive characteristics that allow geologists to map, describe, and name it to the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) or water column from existing faults, and leakage(in CO2Carbon dioxide storage) The escape of injected fluid from the storage formationA body of rock of considerable extent with distinctive characteristics that allow geologists to map, describe, and name it to the atmosphereThe layer of gases surrounding the earth; the gases are mainly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (around 21%) or water column from wells (in particular damage to cement) (CSLF, 20092009 - CSLFPhase I Final Report from CSLF Risk Assessment Task Forcesee more; O'Brien, 20082008 - E. O'BrienOtway Demonstration Quantitative Risk Case Studysee more).